Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

lead electroplating

  • 1 электроосаждение свинца

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > электроосаждение свинца

  • 2 Parkes, Alexander

    [br]
    b. 29 December 1813 Birmingham, England
    d. 29 June 1890 West Dulwich, England
    [br]
    English chemist and inventor who made the first plastic material.
    [br]
    After serving apprentice to brassfounders in Birmingham, Parkes entered Elkington's, the celebrated metalworking firm, and took charge of their casting department. They were active in introducing electroplating and Parkes's first patent, of 1841, was for the electroplating of works of art. The electrodeposition of metals became a lifelong interest.
    Notably, he achieved the electroplating of fragile objects, such as flowers, which he patented in 1843. When Prince Albert visited Elkington's, he was presented with a spider's web coated with silver. Altogether, Parkes was granted sixty-six patents over a period of forty-six years, mainly relating to metallurgy.
    In 1841 he patented a process for waterproofing textiles by immersing them in a solution of indiarubber in carbon disulphide. Elkingtons manufactured such fabrics until they sold the process to Mackintosh Company, which continued making them for many years. While working for Elkingtons in south Wales, Parkes developed the use of zinc for desilvering lead. He obtained a patent in 1850 for this process, which was one of his most important inventions and became widely used.
    The year 1856 saw Parkes's first patent on pyroxylin, later called Xylonite or celluloid, the first plastic material. Articles made of Parkesine, as it came to be called, were shown at the International Exhibition in London in 1862, and he was awarded a medal for his work. Five years later, Parkesine featured at the Paris Exhibition. Even so, Parkes's efforts to promote the material commercially, particularly as a substitute for ivory, remained stubbornly unsuccessful.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1850, British patent no. 13118 (the desilvering of lead). 1856, British patent no. 235 (the first on Parkesine).
    1865, Parkes gave an account of his invention of Parkesine in J.Roy.Arts, (1865), 14, 81–.
    Further Reading
    Obituary, 1890, Engineering, (25 July): 111.
    Obituary, 1890, Mining Journal (26 July): 855.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Parkes, Alexander

  • 3 Elkington, George Richard

    SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy
    [br]
    b. 17 October 1801 Birmingham England
    d. 22 September 1865 Pool Park, Denbighshire, England
    [br]
    English pioneer in electroplating.
    [br]
    He was apprenticed to his uncles, makers of metalware, in 1815 and showed such aptitude for business that he was taken into partnership. On their deaths, Elkington assumed sole ownership of the business. In conjunction with his cousin Henry (1810–52), by unrelenting enterprise, he established an industry for electroplating and electrogilding. Up until c.1840, silver-plated goods were produced by rolling or soldering thin sheets of silver to a base metal, such as copper. Back in 1801, the English chemist William Wollaston had deposited one metal upon another by means of an electric current generated from a voltaic pile or battery. In the 1830s, certain inventors, such as Bessemer used this result to produce plated articles and these efforts in turn induced the Elkingtons to apply the method in their trade. In 1836 and 1837 they took out patents for "mercurial gilding", and one patent of 1838 refers to a separate electric current. In 1840 they bought from John Wright, a Birmingham surgeon, his discovery of what proved to be the best electroplating solution: namely, solutions of cyanides of gold and silver in potassium cyanide. They also purchased rights to use the electric machine invented by J.S. Woolrich. Armed with these techniques, the Elkingtons produced in their large new works in Newhall Street a wide range of gold-and silver-plated decorative and artistic ware. Henry was particularly active on the artistic side of the business, as was their employee Alexander Parkes. For some twenty-five years, Britain enjoyed a virtual monopoly of this kind of ware, due largely to the enterprise of the Elkingtons, although by the end of the century rising tariffs had closed many foreign markets and the lead had passed to Germany. George spent all his working life in Birmingham, taking some part in the public life of the city. He was a governor of King Edward's Grammar School and a borough magistrate. He was also a caring employer, setting up houses and schools for his workers.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Elkington, George Richard

  • 4 Planté, Raimond Louis Gaston

    SUBJECT AREA: Electricity
    [br]
    b. 22 April 1834 Orthez, France
    d. 21 May 1889 Paris, France
    [br]
    French physicist and inventor of a secondary electric cell from which was developed the widely used lead-acid storage battery.
    [br]
    After a scientific training at the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers, Planté obtained an appointment as a Laboratory Assistant to Becquerel. Later, when he was employed as a chemist in the Parisian electroplating firm of Christofle et Cie, he carried out investigations into polarization in electrical cells, which led to his discovery of the lead-acid accumulator in 1859. This cell, with lead plates in an electrolyte of dilute sulphuric acid, had the characteristics of a storage device for electrical energy. Its performance was improved considerably if it was repeatedly charged and discharged, the active material being formed electrochemically from the lead of the plate itself. At the time of its discovery the Planté cell had little practical application and it was not until satisfactory dynamos were introduced that its commercial exploitation was possible. The cell was improved by Faure and later by Swan and others. The lead-acid cell became considerably important in the early days of electricity supply and later for electric traction and automobile use. The results of Planté's researches were communicated to the Academy of Sciences and published in various scientific periodicals. He devoted the last few years of his life to the study of atmospheric electricity.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur 1881. Société d'Encouragement pour l'Industrie Nationale Médaille d'Ampère.
    Bibliography
    1860, "Nouvelle Pile secondaire d'une grande puissance", Comptes rendus 50:640–2. See Recherches sur l'électricité, Paris, 1879.
    Further Reading
    G.Wood Vinal, 1955, Storage Batteries, 4th edn, London (describes developments subsequent to Planté's work).
    E.W.Wade, 1902, Secondary Batteries, London.
    GW

    Biographical history of technology > Planté, Raimond Louis Gaston

  • 5 kąpiel

    f 1. (w wodzie) bath
    - gorąca/chłodna kąpiel a hot/cool bath
    - przygotować komuś kąpiel to run a bath for sb
    - brać kąpiel to take a bath
    2. Chem., Techn. bath
    - kąpiel galwaniczna an electrolytic a. electroplating bath
    - kąpiel barwiąca/ołowiowa/przędzalnicza a dye/lead/spinning bath
    3. Med. bath
    - kąpiel błotna/nasiadowa a mud/sitz bath
    - kąpiel lecznicza balneotherapy U
    ■ kąpiel słoneczna sunbath
    - wylać/wylewać dziecko z kąpielą pejor. to throw the baby out with the bathwater
    * * *
    -i; -e; gen pl -i; f
    ( w łazience) bath; ( w rzece) bathe, swim

    brać (wziąć perf) kąpiel — to take a bath

    * * *
    f.
    pl. -e
    1. bath; kąpiel lecznicza healing bath; kąpiel słoneczna sun bath; wylać dziecko z kąpielą throw the baby away l. out with the bath-water; wziąć kąpiel take a bath.
    2. (= pływanie) swim, bath.
    3. chem., techn. bath; kąpiel barwiąca dye-bath; kąpiel bieląca bleaching bath; kąpiel przędzalnicza spinning bath.

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > kąpiel

  • 6 покрытие

    carpet, coat, coating, cover, coverage, covering, ( получаемое методами осаждения) deposit, ( получаемое методом осаждения) deposition, skin, envelope, film, overcoat, layer, overlay, proofing, ( здания) roof, sheath, sheathing, surface дорож., surfacing, top, topping
    * * *
    покры́тие с.
    coat(ing)
    наноси́ть покры́тие ки́стью — brush on a coat(ing)
    наноси́ть покры́тие набры́згом [напыле́нием] — spray on a coat(ing)
    сдира́ть покры́тие — strip the coat(ing)
    ано́дное покры́тие — anodic coat(ing)
    антикоррозио́нное покры́тие — corrosion-resistant [antirust, anticorrosive] coat(ing)
    водонепроница́емое покры́тие — watertight cover
    водоотта́лкивающее покры́тие — water-repellent coat(ing)
    гальвани́ческое покры́тие — electroplating
    гидрофо́бное покры́тие — hydrophobic coat(ing)
    горя́чее покры́тие — hot-dip metal coat(ing)
    гумми́рованное покры́тие — rubberized coat(ing)
    доро́жное покры́тие — roadway covering, pavement
    выгла́живать доро́жное покры́тие утюго́м со щё́тками — drag-broom the pavement
    меня́ть доро́жное покры́тие — re-surface a road
    отде́лывать доро́жное покры́тие щё́тками — broom-finish the pavement
    утю́жить доро́жное покры́тие — drag the pavement
    доро́жное, асфа́льтовое покры́тие — asphalt pavement
    доро́жное, двухсло́йное покры́тие — two-course [double-course] pavement
    доро́жное, нежё́сткое покры́тие — nonrigid pavement
    доро́жное, односло́йное покры́тие — one-course pavement
    доро́жное, упру́гое покры́тие — flexible pavement
    защи́тно-декорати́вное покры́тие — protective-decorative coat(ing)
    защи́тное покры́тие — protective coat(ing)
    като́дное покры́тие — cathodic coat(ing)
    лакокра́сочное покры́тие — paint coat(ing), paintwork
    покры́тие лату́нью — brassing, brass plating, brass coat(ing)
    ме́дное покры́тие — copper plating, copper coat(ing)
    металлизацио́нное покры́тие — metallized coat(ing)
    металли́ческое покры́тие — metal plating
    металли́ческое, композицио́нное покры́тие — composite metal plating
    напла́вленное покры́тие — surfaced coat(ing)
    напылё́нное покры́тие — sprayed(-on) coat(ing)
    нескользя́щее покры́тие — nonskid [nonslip] coat(ing)
    нетеплопрово́дное покры́тие — low-conductivity coat(ing)
    ни́келевое покры́тие — nickel plating, nickel coat(ing)
    огнезащи́тное покры́тие — flame-retardant coat(ing)
    огнеупо́рное покры́тие — refractory coat(ing)
    о́кисное покры́тие — oxide coat(ing)
    па́лубное покры́тие — deck coat(ing), deck covering
    пигме́нтное покры́тие полигр. — pigment coat(ing)
    покры́тие погруже́нием — dip coat(ing)
    полума́товое покры́тие — semibright coat(ing)
    противогидролокацио́нное покры́тие — брит. antiasdic coating; амер. antisonar coating
    противокоррозио́нное покры́тие — antirust [anticorrosive, corrosion-resistant] coat(ing)
    противоморо́зное покры́тие — antifreezing coat(ing)
    противообраста́ющее покры́тие — antifouling coat(ing)
    противоорео́льное покры́тие кфт. — antihalation backing
    противорадиолокацио́нное покры́тие — antiradar coat(ing)
    покры́тие пути́, балла́стное покры́тие ж.-д. — ballast blanket layer
    рассе́ивающее покры́тие — diffusing coating
    рези́новое покры́тие — rubber coating
    светя́щееся покры́тие — fluorescent coating
    свинцо́вое покры́тие — lead coat(ing)
    силико́новое покры́тие — silicone coat(ing)
    стеклови́дное покры́тие — vitreous coat(ing)
    твердоспла́вное покры́тие — hard facing
    тугопла́вкое покры́тие — refractory coat(ing)
    покры́тие хими́ческой обрабо́ткой — chemical-conversion coat(ing)
    ци́нковое покры́тие — zinc coat(ing)
    покры́тие электро́да — electrode covering, electrode coat(ing)
    покры́тие электро́да, газообразу́ющее свар. — gas-producing coating
    покры́тие электро́да, известко́вое свар. — lime coating
    покры́тие электро́да, ионизи́рующее свар. — arc-stabilizing coating
    электролити́ческое покры́тие — electrodeposited coating
    электрохими́ческое покры́тие — electrochemical plating
    эма́левое покры́тие
    1. ( процесс) enamelling

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > покрытие

См. также в других словарях:

  • Electroplating — is the process of using electrical current to reduce cations of a desired material from a solution and coat a conductive object with a thin layer of the material, such as a metal. Electroplating is primarily used for depositing a layer of… …   Wikipedia

  • Lead dioxide — Lead dioxide …   Wikipedia

  • electroplating — Process of coating with metal by means of an electric current. Plating metal may be transferred to conductive surfaces (e.g., metals) or to nonconductive surfaces (e.g., plastics, wood, leather) if a conductive coating has been applied. Usually… …   Universalium

  • Chromium — This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Chromium (disambiguation). vanadium ← chromium → manganese ↑ Cr ↓ Mo …   Wikipedia

  • printing — /prin ting/, n. 1. the art, process, or business of producing books, newspapers, etc., by impression from movable types, plates, etc. 2. the act of a person or thing that prints. 3. words, symbols, etc., in printed form. 4. printed material. 5.… …   Universalium

  • Printed circuit board — Part of a 1983 Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer board; a populated PCB, showing the conductive traces, vias (the through hole paths to the other surface), and some mounted electrical components A printed circuit board, or PCB, is used to… …   Wikipedia

  • tin processing — Introduction       preparation of the ore for use in various products.       Tin (Sn) is a relatively soft and ductile metal with a silvery white colour. It has a density of 7.29 grams per cubic centimetre, a low melting point of 231.88° C… …   Universalium

  • Copper — For other uses, see Copper (disambiguation) …   Wikipedia

  • L.A. Noire — Official box art released worldwide Developer(s) Team Bondi Rockstar Games[1] …   Wikipedia

  • Electrochemistry — is a branch of chemistry that studies chemical reactions which take place in a solution at the interface of an electron conductor (a metal or a semiconductor) and an ionic conductor (the electrolyte), and which involve electron transfer between… …   Wikipedia

  • electrochemical reaction — ▪ chemistry Introduction       any process either caused or accompanied by the passage of an electric current and involving in most cases the transfer of electrons between two substances one a solid and the other a liquid.       Under ordinary… …   Universalium

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»